On the evening of 19 March the lights went out not just all over
Europe, but throughout the world. But far from being a harbinger of doom
– as in Sir Edward Grey’s celebrated observation on the eve of the
First World War – it was a sign that one of the world’s most perilous,
impending problems might yet be solved.
Scores of millions of people in a record 178 countries switched off
at 8.30pm last night, to mark this year’s Earth Hour, participating in
the world’s biggest ever demonstration to stop climate change escalating
out of control.
But for the first time in the event’s 10-year history – and despite
new alarming evidence of warming last week – they were pushing at an
opening door. For last December the world reached an unexpectedly
ambitious agreement in Paris to address the problem.
Some 366 landmarks around the world – ranging from the Sydney Opera
House to Big Ben, from the Gherkin in London to the Colosseum in Rome,
from Salisbury Cathedral to the Empire State Building – went dark last
night. And so did Buckingham Palace, home to a remarkably green activist
royal family (even the Queen has quietly indicated her concern about
climate change).
Restaurants laid on special candle-lit dinners, the Forestry
Commission organised night-time explorations and WWF, the event’s
organisers, issued a list of “60 things to do in the dark, including
going stargazing, wearing fluorescent fancy dress and telling scary
stories” – but not the activity that, perhaps, first springs to mind.
One no-no, however, was to light candles – unless they were “100 per
cent beeswax or soy”: normal ones, made of petroleum products, could
release more carbon pollution than keeping the lights on.
Studies have shown that past Earth Hours have reduced electricity
consumption by four per cent. But it is designed to be symbolic action,
rather than an exercise in energy reduction. This year there is more to
demonstrate about than ever. Last month, it was revealed on 14 March,
was not merely the warmest February ever, but witnessed the biggest
month-on-month jump in temperatures ever recorded – and by a big margin.
Normally cautious climate scientists called it “jawdropping”
“terrifying”, and “a true shocker”.
Worse, the previous record rise occurred just the month before, in
January. This has been the warmest winter ever worldwide, and February
was the tenth successive record-breaking month.
Arctic sea ice – as exclusively predicted in The Independent on Sunday last month
– is at its lowest ever winter maximum after what the blue-chip US
National Snow and Ice Data Centre calls a season of “unrelenting heat”,
while the extreme weather is also contributing to record droughts in
Africa and Vietnam, and helped cause the biggest cyclone ever to hit
Fiji, costing the country a tenth of its GDP.
Scientists are already predicting that 2016 will be the hottest on
record, for the third year running, finally exploding sceptics’ claims
that global warming has stopped. Professor Stefan Rahmstorf, of
Germany’s Potsdam Institute of Climate Impact Research, says the world
is in “a completely unprecedented climate emergency”, while Deke Arndt,
of the US government’s National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration,
describes it as moving to a “new and hotter neighbourhood”.
And yet, Earth Hour had something to celebrate. Last week it was
revealed that, for the second successive year, carbon emissions failed
to increase in 2015 , even though the world economy grew – something
that had not happened, even once, in four decades. China’s emissions
actually fell by 1.5 per cent, as the world’s biggest polluter cut its
use of coal and increased renewables.
Fireworks heralded the start of Earth Hour in Sydney (AFP/Getty)
For years the world has been investing more money in building power
stations generating electricity from renewable sources than in ones
fired by fossil fuels. Last year these provided a staggering 90 per cent
of the world’s new power.
And in December in Paris the world’s governments unexpectedly agreed
to phase out carbon emissions altogether by the second half of the
century, committing themselves to meet every five years to set ever more
ambitious intermediate targets, with the aim of holding the increase in
the earth’s temperature since pre-industrial times to ”well below” the
2C since pre-industrial times long regarded as the threshold for
dangerous climate change
Present reduction plans fall well short of this, but there is now at
least a chance of averting disaster. And last week a paper by Michael
Jacobs of the Institute for Public Policy Research – who was at the
heart of both the Paris and failed Copenhagen summits – concluded that
the agreement was “the outcome of an unprecedented show of political
power by a broad and diverse coalition of forces from civil society”.
Earth Hour will have played a part – and, with many other actions – may help ensure eventual success. Independent
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